A list of wireless network attacks. In our buzzword filled industry, wrapping your arms around wireless attacks and their potential business impacts. By submitting your personal information, you agree that Tech. CWAwyl1gI/WHJkGcq7TQI/AAAAAAAAo6k/C7B3dfcm3-EjswXDw0ZTJy0HJY1kysHtwCLcB/s640/found.PNG' alt='Wpa2 Hash Cracking' title='Wpa2 Hash Cracking' />But do tailor your answer to your audience. My Lifehacker colleagues choose the title blogger or journalist depending on how much theyre ready to get. We list the webs most virulent and effective Hacking Tools and Frameworks. Tools include John The Ripper, THC Hydra and many others. Internet, networking and IT security news and headlines from around the web. OnlineHashCrack is a powerful hash cracking and recovery online service for MD5 NTLM Wordpress Joomla SHA1 MySQL OSX WPA and moreTarget and its partners may contact you regarding relevant content, products and special offers. You also agree that your personal information may be transferred and processed in the United States, and that you have read and agree to the Terms of Use and the Privacy Policy. This tip tries to bring order to this chaos by providing a reference list of attacks against 8. X, categorized by type of threat, and mapped to associated hacker methods and tools. Access control attacks. These attacks attempt to penetrate a network by using wireless or evading WLAN access control measures, like AP MAC filters and 8. X port access controls. Wpa2 Hash Crack' title='Wpa2 Hash Crack' />Type of Attack. Description. Methods and Tools. War Driving. Discovering wireless LANs by listening to beacons or sending probe requests, thereby providing launch point for further attacks. WiFi Password Hacker for PC, Hack Wifi Password, Download WiFi hacker for PC, WiFi password hacker software, WiFi Password Hacking, Wifi Hacker Online App. Airmon ng, DStumbler, Kis. MAC, Mac. Stumbler, Net. Stumbler, Wellenreiter, Wi. Fi. Fo. Fum. Rogue Access Points. Installing an unsecured AP inside firewall, creating open backdoor into trusted network. Any hardware or software APAd Hoc Associations. Connecting directly to an unsecured station to circumvent AP security or to attack station. Any wireless card or USB adapter. MAC Spoofing. Reconfiguring an attackers MAC address to pose as an authorized AP or station. Mac. Changer, Sir. MACs. Alot, SMAC, Wellenreiter, wicontrol. X RADIUS Cracking. Recovering RADIUS secret by brute force from 8. The essential tech news of the moment. Technologys news site of record. Not for dummies. X access request, for use by evil twin AP. Packet capture tool on LAN or network path between AP and RADIUS server. Confidentiality attacks. These attacks attempt to intercept private information sent over wireless associations, whether sent in the clear or encrypted by 8. Type of Attack. Description. Methods and Tools. Eavesdropping. Capturing and decoding unprotected application traffic to obtain potentially sensitive information. Ettercap, Kismet, Wireshark, commercial analyzers. WEP Key Cracking. Capturing data to recover a WEP key using passive or active methods. Aircrack ng, airoway, Air. Snort, chopchop, dwepcrack, Wep. Attack, Wep. Decrypt, Wep. Wpa2 Hash Crack' title='Wpa2 Hash Crack' />Lab, wesside. Evil Twin APMasquerading as an authorized AP by beaconing the WLANs service set identifier SSID to lure users. AP, D Link G2. 00, Hermes. AP, Rogue Squadron, Wifi. BSDAP Phishing. Running a phony portal or Web server on an evil twin AP to phish for user logins, credit card numbers. Airpwn, Airsnarf, Hotspotter, Karma, RGlue. APMan in the Middle. Running traditional man in the middle attack tools on an evil twin AP to intercept TCP sessions or SSLSSH tunnels. Ettercap NG, sshmitm. Integrity attacks. These attacks send forged control, management or data frames over wireless to mislead the recipient or facilitate another type of attack e. Do. S. Type of Attack. Description. Methods and Tools. Frame Injection. Crafting and sending forged 8. Airpwn, File. 2air, libradiate, void. WEPWedgie, wnet dinjectreinject. Data Replay. Capturing 8. Capture Injection Tools. X EAP Replay. Capturing 8. X Extensible Authentication Protocols e. EAP Identity, Success, Failure for later replay. Wireless Capture Injection Tools between station and AP8. X RADIUS Replay. Capturing RADIUS Access Accept or Reject messages for later replay. Ethernet Capture Injection Tools between AP and authentication server. Authentication attacks. Intruders use these attacks to steal legitimate user identities and credentials to access otherwise private networks and services. Type of Attack. Description. Methods and Tools. Shared Key Guessing. Attempting 8. 02. Shared Key Authentication with guessed, vendor default or cracked WEP keys. WEP Cracking Tools. PSK Cracking. Recovering a WPAWPA2 PSK from captured key handshake frames using a dictionary attack tool. WPAtty, genpmk, Kis. MAC, wpacrack. Application Login Theft. Capturing user credentials e. Ace Password Sniffer, Dsniff, PHoss, Win. Sniffer. Domain Login Cracking. Recovering user credentials e. Windows login and password by cracking Net. BIOS password hashes, using a brute force or dictionary attack tool. John the Ripper, L0pht. Crack, Cain. VPN Login Cracking. Recovering user credentials e. PPTP password or IPsec Preshared Secret Key by running brute force attacks on VPN authentication protocols. IPsec, anger and THC pptp bruter PPTP8. X Identity Theft. Capturing user identities from cleartext 8. X Identity Response packets. Capture Tools. 80. X Password Guessing. Using a captured identity, repeatedly attempting 8. X authentication to guess the users password. Password Dictionary. X LEAP Cracking. Recovering user credentials from captured 8. X Lightweight EAP LEAP packets using a dictionary attack tool to crack the NT password hash. Anwrap, Asleap, THC LEAPcracker. X EAP Downgrade. Forcing an 8. X server to offer a weaker type of authentication using forged EAP ResponseNak packets. File. 2air, libradiate. Availability attacks. These attacks impede delivery of wireless services to legitimate users, either by denying them access to WLAN resources or by crippling those resources. Type of Attack. Description. Methods and Tools. AP Theft. Physically removing an AP from a public space. Five finger discountQueensland Do. SExploiting the CSMACA Clear Channel Assessment CCA mechanism to make a channel appear busy. An adapter that supports CW Tx mode, with a low level utility to invoke continuous transmit. Beacon Flood. Generating thousands of counterfeit 8. AP. Fake. AP8. 02. Associate Authenticate Flood. Sending forged Authenticates or Associates from random MACs to fill a target APs association table. FATA Jack, Macfld. TKIP MIC Exploit. Generating invalid TKIP data to exceed the target APs MIC error threshold, suspending WLAN service. File. 2air, wnet dinject, LORCON8. Deauthenticate Flood. Flooding stations with forged Deauthenticates or Disassociates to disconnecting users from an AP. Aireplay, Airforge, MDK, void. WIPS8. 02. 1. X EAP Start Flood. Flooding an AP with EAP Start messages to consume resources or crash the target. QACafe, File. 2air, libradiate. X EAP Failure. Observing a valid 8. X EAP exchange, and then sending the station a forged EAP Failure message. QACafe, File. 2air, libradiate. X EAP of Death. Sending a malformed 8. X EAP Identity response known to cause some APs to crash. QACafe, File. 2air, libradiate. X EAP Length Attacks. Sending EAP type specific messages with bad length fields to try to crash an AP or RADIUS server. QACafe, File. 2air, libradiate. Note Many of these tools can be found in the Back. Track Auditor Security Collection, a live CD open source toolkit intended for use during penetration testing and vulnerability assessment. Move to the next tip A wireless network vulnerability assessment checklist. Aircrack ngWhat version of Aircrack ng am I running Run aircrack ng head. Version information is in the first line of text second if the empty line is taken into account. What is the best wireless card to buy Which card to purchase is a hard question to answer. Each persons criteria is somewhat different, such as one may require 8. However, having said that, if money is not a constraint then the following cards are considered the best in class. Alfa AWUS0. 36. H bg USB Ubiquiti SRC abg Cardbus Ubiquiti SRX abg Express. Card Airpcap series USB TP Link TL WN7. N v. 1 bgn USB Beware, if version is not specified by vendor, it is NOT v. Alfa AWUS0. 36. NHA bgn USB Alfa AWUS0. NH v. 2 abgn USB Mini. PCIe anything that uses ath. AR9. 2xx and AR9. If money is a constraint then consider purchasing a card with a RTL8. L or Atheros chipset, also read this first before purchasing. There are many available on the market for fairly low prices. You are simply trading off distance, sensitivity and performance for cost. If you want to know if your existing card is compatible then use this page Tutorial Is My Wireless Card Compatible What tutorials are available The Tutorials page has many tutorials specific to the aircrack ng suite. If your question is not answered on this FAQ page, be sure to check out these other resources. The links page also generic wireless information and tutorials. Any GPS recommendation The following 2 devices have been tested and work fine. However, anything that is compatible with GPSd will work. After you enter make install then try to use any of the aircrack ng suite commands, you get the error message command not found or similar. See the tip with the same message in troubleshooting tips. How do I crack a static WEP key The basic idea is to capture as much encrypted traffic as possible using airodump ng. Each WEP data packet has an associated 3 byte Initialization Vector IV after a sufficient number of data packets have been collected, run aircrack ng on the resulting capture file. Kore. K. Since that time, the PTW approach Pychkine, Tews, Weinmann has been developed. The main advantage of the PTW approach is that very few data packets are required to crack the WEP key. How many IVs are required to crack WEP WEP cracking is not an exact science. The number of required IVs depends on the WEP key length, and it also depends on your luck. Usually, 4. 0 bit WEP 6. IVs, and 1. 04 bit WEP 1. IVs if youre out of luck you may need two million IVs, or more. There is no way to know the WEP key length this information is kept hidden and never announced, either in management or data packets as a consequence, airodump ng can not report the WEP key length. Thus, it is recommended to run aircrack ng twice when you have 2. IVs, start aircrack ng with n 6. WEP. Then if the key is not found, restart aircrack ng without the n option to crack 1. WEP. The figures above are based on using the Korek method. With the introduction of the PTW technique in aircrack ng 0. WEP is dramatically lowered. Using this technique, 4. WEP 6. 4 bit key can be cracked with as few as 2. WEP 1. 28 bit key with 4. PTW is limited to 4. Keep in mind that it can take 1. K packets or more even using the PTW method. Additionally, PTW only works properly with selected packet types. Aircrack ng defaults to the PTW method and you must manually specify the Korek method in order to use it. How can I know what is the key length You cant know whats the key length, theres no information at all in wireless packets, thats why you have to try different lengths. Most of the time, its a 1. How do I know my WEP key is correct Just because you seem to have successfully connected to the access point doesnt mean your WEP key is correct To check your WEP key, the best way is to decrypt a capture file with the airdecap ng program. How can I crack a WPA PSK network You must sniff until a handshake takes place between a wireless client and the access point. To force the client to reauthenticate, you can start a deauth attack with aireplay ng. Also, a good dictionary is required. FYI, its not possible to pre compute large tables of Pairwise Master Keys like rainbowcrack does, since the passphrase is salted with the ESSID. Where can I find good wordlists The easiest way is do an Internet search for word lists and dictionaries. Also check out web sites for password cracking tools. Many times they have references to word lists. A few sources follow. Please add comments or additions to this thread http forum. Remember that valid passwords are 8 to 6. The Aircrack ng Other Tips page has a script to eliminate passwords which are invalid in terms of length. How do I recover my WEPWPA key in windows You have to use WZcook. Will WPA be cracked in the future Its extremely unlikely that WPA will be cracked just like WEP was. The major problem with WEP is that the shared key is appended to the IV the result is directly used to feed RC4. This overly simple construction is prone to a statistical attack, since the first ciphertext bytes are strongly correlated with the shared key see Andrew Roos paper. There are basically two counter measures against this attack. Madness Interactive Teh Ultimate Mod Game. Mix the IV and the shared key using a hash function or Discard the first 2. RC4s output. There has been some disinformation in the news about the flaws of TKIP. For now, TKIP is reasonably secure but it is also living on borrowed time since it still relies on the same RC4 algorithm that WEP relied on. Actually, TKIP WPA1 is not vulnerable for each packet, the 4. IV is mixed with the 1. RC4 key, so theres no statistical correlation at all. Furthermore, WPA provides counter measures against active attacks traffic reinjection, includes a stronger message integrity code michael, and has a very robust authentication protocol the 4 way handshake. The only vulnerability so far is a dictionary attack, which fails if the passphrase is robust enough. WPA2 aka 8. 02. 1. WPA1, except that CCMP AES in counter mode is used instead of RC4 and HMAC SHA1 is used instead of HMAC MD5 for the EAPOL MIC. Bottom line, WPA2 is a bit better than WPA1, but neither are going to be cracked in the near future. How do I learn more about WPAWPA2 See the links page. How do I decrypt a capture file You may use the airdecap ng program. What are the authentication modes for WEP There are two authentication modes for WEP. Open System Authentication This is the default mode. All clients are accepted by the AP, and the key is never checked meaning association is always granted. However if your key is incorrect you wont be able to receive or send packets because decryption will fail, so DHCP, ping etc. Shared Key Authentication The client has to encrypt a challenge before association is granted by the AP. This mode is flawed and leads to keystream recovery, so its never enabled by default. The Net. Gear Wireless Basics Manual has a good description of WEP Wireless Security including diagrams of the packet flows. How do I merge multiple capture files You may use File Merge in Wireshark or Ethereal. From the command line you may use the mergecap program to merge. WiresharkEthereal package or the win. F pcap test. 1. cap test. It will merge test. F pcap. cap w out. It will merge all the. You may use the ivstools program to merge. Can I convert cap files to ivs files You may use the ivstools program part of aircrack ng package.